Weak–strong uniqueness at the energy level for a curved viscoelastic shell
Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^3$ be a bounded smooth domain whose boundary is parametrised by a smooth regular embedding $\varphi : \omega = \mathbb{T}^2 \to \partial\Omega$, with outer unit normal $n$, and fix a tubular radius $L > 0$. A displacement $\eta(t, y)$ with $\|\eta\|_{L^\infty((0, T) \times \omega)} < L$ moves the boundary to $\varphi_\eta = \varphi + \eta n$, bounding the domain $\Omega_\eta(t)$ given by the Hanzawa transform; the reference surface is curved. All functions on $\omega$ are periodic, with the conventions of Breit, Mensah, Schwarzacher and Su. An incompressible Navier–Stokes fluid in $\Omega_\eta(t)$ interacts with a viscoelastic shell: $$v_t + (v \cdot \nabla) v = \Delta v - \nabla \pi + f, \quad \nabla \cdot v = 0 \ \text{ in } \Omega_\eta(t), \qquad v \circ \varphi_\eta = \eta_t n,$$ $$\eta_{tt} - \partial_t \Delta_y \eta + \Delta_y^2 \eta = g - n^{\mathsf T} \tau \circ \varphi_\eta\, n_\eta\, |\partial_1 \varphi_\eta \times \partial_2 \varphi_\eta|, \qquad \tau = \nabla v + \nabla v^{\mathsf T} - \pi I.$$ With $I = (0, T)$, a weak solution with data $(\eta_0, \eta_*, v_0, f, g)$ has $\eta \in W^{1,\infty}(I; L^2(\omega)) \cap W^{1,2}(I; H^1(\omega)) \cap L^\infty(I; H^2(\omega))$ and $v \in L^\infty(I; L^2(\Omega_\eta)) \cap L^2(I; H^1_{\mathrm{div}}(\Omega_\eta))$, satisfies the kinematic condition, takes the initial values, and satisfies $$\begin{aligned} &-\int_0^T \!\! \int_{\Omega_\eta(t)} v \cdot \phi_t - \int_0^T \!\! \int_\omega \eta_t b_t - \int_0^T \!\! \int_{\Omega_\eta(t)} v \otimes v : \nabla \phi + \int_0^T \!\! \int_{\Omega_\eta(t)} \nabla v : \nabla \phi + \int_0^T \!\! \int_\omega \nabla_y \eta_t \cdot \nabla_y b + \int_0^T \!\! \int_\omega \Delta_y \eta\, \Delta_y b \\ &\quad = \int_{\Omega_{\eta_0}} v_0 \cdot \phi(0) + \int_\omega \eta_* b(0) + \int_0^T \!\! \int_{\Omega_\eta(t)} f \cdot \phi + \int_0^T \!\! \int_\omega g b \end{aligned}$$ for all smooth $b$ and smooth divergence-free $\phi$ on $\mathbb{R}^3$ vanishing at $T$ with $\phi \circ \varphi_\eta = b n$, together with the energy inequality, for almost every $t$, $$E(t) + \int_0^t \!\! \int_{\Omega_\eta(s)} |\nabla v|^2 + \int_0^t \!\! \int_\omega |\nabla_y \eta_t|^2 \le E(0) + \int_0^t \!\! \int_{\Omega_\eta(s)} f \cdot v + \int_0^t \!\! \int_\omega g \eta_t, \qquad E = \tfrac12 \int_{\Omega_\eta} |v|^2 + \tfrac12 \int_\omega \bigl(|\eta_t|^2 + |\Delta_y \eta|^2\bigr).$$ The data are $\eta_0 \in H^3(\omega)$, $\eta_* \in H^1(\omega)$, $v_0 \in H^1_{\mathrm{div}}(\Omega_{\eta_0})$ with $v_0 \circ \varphi_{\eta_0} = \eta_* n$, $g \in L^2(I; L^2(\omega))$ and $f \in L^\infty(I; L^2_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^3)) \cap L^2(I; H^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^3))$. A strong solution $(\eta_s, v_s, \pi_s)$ is a weak solution with $$\eta_s \in W^{1,\infty}(I; H^1) \cap W^{1,2}(I; H^2) \cap L^\infty(I; H^3) \cap W^{2,2}(I; L^2) \cap L^2(I; H^4),$$ $$v_s \in W^{1,2}(I; L^2(\Omega_{\eta_s})) \cap L^2(I; H^2(\Omega_{\eta_s})) \cap L^\infty(I; H^1(\Omega_{\eta_s})), \qquad \pi_s \in L^2(I; H^1(\Omega_{\eta_s})).$$
Breit, Mensah, Schwarzacher and Su proved that a weak solution $(\eta_w, v_w)$ coincides with a strong solution with the same data if, in addition, $\eta_w \in L^\infty(I; C^{0,1}(\omega))$; the energy class gives only $\eta_w \in L^\infty(I; H^2(\omega))$, which does not embed into $C^{0,1}(\omega)$. For a flat reference geometry, Schwarzacher and Sroczinski's direct approach gives weak–strong uniqueness without the Lipschitz assumption.
Problem. Suppose a strong solution $(\eta_s, v_s, \pi_s)$ exists on $I$. Must every weak solution $(\eta_w, v_w)$ with the same data coincide with it on their common admissible interval, that is, $\eta_w = \eta_s$ and $v_w = v_s$ almost everywhere, without assuming $\eta_w \in L^\infty(I; C^{0,1}(\omega))$?
Source: Breit, Mensah, Schwarzacher and Su (2025), in the paragraph after Theorem 1.1. Stated by AIM — Open Applied Problems in their periodic setting with all physical constants equal to one.
Imported from github.com/MColbrook/AIM.
Classification
- Primary
- AP — Analysis of PDEs
- Secondary
- MP
- Keywords
- AIM Open Applied Problems, fluid–structure interaction, viscoelastic shells, weak–strong uniqueness
- Literature checked
- Nov. 5, 2026 by clemens-admin
References
@article{breit2025,
author = {Breit, Dominic and Mensah, Prince Romeo and Schwarzacher, Sebastian and Su, Pei},
title = {{L}adyzhenskaya--{P}rodi--{S}errin condition for fluid-structure interaction systems},
journal = {Ann. Sc. Norm. Super. Pisa Cl. Sci. (5)},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.2422/2036-2145.202407_010},
eprint = {2307.12273},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}
@article{schwarzacher2022,
author = {Schwarzacher, Sebastian and Sroczinski, Matthias},
title = {Weak-strong uniqueness for an elastic plate interacting with the {N}avier--{S}tokes equation},
journal = {SIAM J. Math. Anal.},
volume = {54},
number = {4},
year = {2022},
pages = {4104--4138},
doi = {10.1137/21M1443509},
eprint = {2003.04049},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}
@misc{aim-weakstrong-uniqueness-at-the-energy-level-for-a-curved-viscoelastic-shell,
author = {Brunton, Steve and Colbrook, Matthew J. and de Hoop, Maarten V. and Stepaniants, George and Townsend, Alex and Ward, Rachel},
title = {{Weak–strong uniqueness at the energy level for a curved viscoelastic shell}},
howpublished = {AIM --- Open Applied Problems, GitHub repository},
year = {2026},
url = {https://github.com/MColbrook/AIM/blob/4f5b1659355cb61d194da94ef14615214e1363a8/problems/752-weakstrong-uniqueness-at-the-energy-level-for-a-curved-viscoelastic-shell.md},
note = {Entry 752 at commit 4f5b165, 2026-11-04},
}
Citing this problem
This identifier is permanent. It will not change if the problem is solved, reclassified or withdrawn.
OP-01170, "Weak–strong uniqueness at the energy level for a curved viscoelastic shell", clopen.solutions.